Mathematical Vectors
From fundamentals to advanced linear algebra. Learn vector operations, spaces, and their applications.
New to Vectors?
Start with the basics and work your way up to advanced topics.
Start with Vector Basics1 Fundamentals
Vector Basics
What vectors are, notation, and basic properties
5 min readVector Magnitude
Calculating vector length and normalization
4 min readUnit Vectors
Vectors of length 1 and their importance
4 min readVector Addition
Adding and subtracting vectors graphically and algebraically
5 min read2 Operations
Dot Product
PopularThe scalar product and its geometric meaning
8 min readCross Product
3D vector multiplication and perpendicular vectors
7 min readVector Projection
Projecting one vector onto another
6 min read3 Advanced Topics
Distance Metrics
Euclidean, Manhattan, Cosine, and more
8 min readVector Spaces
Abstract vector spaces and subspaces
10 min readLinear Independence
Basis vectors and dimension
9 min read